Maybe, an elevated age otherwise knowledge change might weaken the newest wife’s updates about marital family
We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing Dij (Bij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.
Table cuatro Organization between dowry/fiance rate (paid down of the in-legislation out of sisters, someone else throughout the town and neighborhood) and you will wife’s status regarding the relationship domestic (OLS)
4.step three Discussion and you may robustness inspections
Inside deciding this new ladies condition on marital home, the end result of the websites dowry (dowry minus fiance price) may number. The brand new quote procedure is regular because of the substitution dowry and you may fiance speed having online dowry (Appendix Desk nine, Panel A good). Keep in mind that the degree of deferred mehr is roofed alone out of the net dowry as previous is never repaid unless of course separation and divorce happen and should not meet the requirements possessions lead into the wedding. The outcome recommend that the latest possessions put toward ount) boost their choice-and come up with electricity and liberty. These types of self-confident relationships commonly stunning because the the fresh new connectivity out of fiance speed paid off during the time of marriage run prevent so you can those of dowry however estimations.
And years huge difference also training improvement (substitution the partner’s ages and you can degree) cannot impact the main effects, and the coefficients ones details commonly tall (Appendix Table 9, Panel B).
You to definitely might believe just how many ages since https://worldbrides.org/colombialady-anmeldelser/ the marriage is actually important since the end result regarding dowry (or fiance speed) could well be deeper after matrimony. Together with ages once the ount out-of dowry (replacing female’s age during the relationship) magnifies the bottom aftereffect of dowry inside the ladies independence however, decreases their magnitude and benefit level inside the ladies’ decision making (Appendix Dining table 9, Committee C). This implies that more substantial dowry increases the wife’s flexibility from inside the the fresh new marital home just after relationship; although not, brand new association is not somewhat impacted by the latest passage through of decades because the relationship.
No measure of gender ideology is included in the main estimate due to endogeneity questions. One you’ll argue that introduction of these actions may weaken the latest connection between dowry and ladies’ reputation on relationship family. Although we cannot deny the possibility that preferences and you can ideological opinions concerning gender relations commonly built-in and change along the relationship lives, the brand new estimation processes is actually regular from the in addition to several measures to own young man preference: the first changeable equals you to if the wife’s most useful number of sons was higher than that of daughters as well as the next means you to when the spouse really wants to offer advanced schooling so you can sons unlike so you can daughters. Handling having gender ideology will not considerably impact the main quote performance (Appendix Table 9, Panel D). Surprisingly, women’s decision-making was certainly from the son taste. But not, it is adversely with the preference to have bringing degree so you can sons as compared with daughters. A possible interpretation is that extremely experienced women can be facing gender inequality inside training and become far more energized on the relationship home but favor that have even more sons than just daughters. Which seems consistent with particular present education indicating you to definitely son liking is much more common one of extremely educated female unlike ignorant feminine from inside the Southern area China (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you will Preston 1991).